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Networking Concepts A-3
Network Addressing
Class A Addresses
The class A IP address format allocates the highest 8 bits to the network field and sets
the highest-priority bit to 0 (zero). The remaining 24 bits form the host field. Only 126
class A networks can exist (0 is reserved, and 127 is used for loopback networks), but
each class A network can have almost 17 million hosts. No new class A networks can be
assigned at this time.
For example:
Class B Addresses
The class B IP address format allocates the highest 16 bits to the network field and sets
the two highest-order bits to 1 and 0, providing a range from 128 through 191,
inclusive. The remaining 16 bits form the host field. More than 16,000 class B networks
can exist, and each class B network can have up to 65,534 hosts. For example:
10.100.232.1
Network
address
Host address
172.16.232.121
Network
address
Host address
- PortMaster 1
- Copyright and Trademarks 2
- Disclaimer 2
- Contents 16
- About This Guide 17
- Additional References 19
- ITU-T Recommendations 21
- Document Conventions 22
- Document Advisories 23
- For the EMEA Region 24
- PortMaster Training Courses 24
- Introduction 27
- Preconfiguration Planning 28
- Configuration Tips 29
- Basic Configuration Steps 30
- How the PortMaster Works 33
- PortMaster Initialization 35
- On-Demand Connections 36
- Port Status and Configuration 37
- Setting the System Name 40
- Figure 3-1 42
- Configuring Default Routing 44
- Configuring Name Resolution 44
- Using the Host Table 45
- Setting the Name Service 45
- Setting the Name Server 46
- Setting the Domain Name 46
- Setting the Telnet Port 47
- Setting System Logging 47
- Setting the Loghost 48
- Configuring SNMP 51
- Examining the MIB Structure 52
- Figure 3-2 53
- 11820020 54
- PortMaster Serial Interfaces 55
- PortMaster T1/E1 Interfaces 57
- PortMaster Modem Table 58
- Setting SNMP Monitoring 59
- Viewing SNMP Settings 61
- Monitoring SNMP Alarms 61
- Displaying the Routing Table 61
- Setting Static Routes 62
- Uses for Static Netmasks 65
- Setting the ISDN Switch 68
- Applying Filters 70
- Setting IP Parameters 71
- Setting the IP Address 71
- Setting the Broadcast Address 72
- Setting the IPX Frame Type 74
- Asynchronous Port Uses 77
- Parity Checking 80
- Setting Databits 80
- Setting Flow Control 80
- Setting the Login Prompt 81
- Setting the Login Message 82
- Setting Port Security 82
- Setting a Port as the Console 83
- Setting the Port Type 85
- Setting the Login Service 86
- Setting the Terminal Type 87
- Setting the Device Service 90
- Telnet Device Service 91
- Netdata Device Service 91
- Network Dial-In-Only Access 92
- Network Dial-Out-Only Access 93
- 11820018 94
- PPP and SLIP Connections 95
- PAP and CHAP Authentication 95
- 11820019 96
- Synchronous Port Uses 103
- IRX Router 105
- 11820004 105
- Configuring WAN Port Settings 106
- General Synchronous Settings 106
- Setting Modem Control 108
- Setting Hangup Control 109
- Setting the Port Idle Timer 109
- Setting the Port IP Address 110
- Setting the Subnet Mask 111
- Configuring RIP Routing 111
- Setting Compression 113
- Configuring Dial-In Users 115
- Displaying User Information 116
- User Types 117
- Network Users 117
- Login Users 117
- Setting a Password 118
- Setting the Idle Timer 118
- Setting the Session Limit 118
- Configuring Network Users 118
- Setting the Protocol 119
- Setting the User IP Address 119
- Setting the MTU Size 121
- Setting Filters 123
- Configuring Login Users 124
- Setting the Login Host 124
- Creating a Location 131
- Setting the Connection Type 131
- On-Demand 132
- Continuous 132
- Manual Dial-Out 132
- Setting the Telephone Number 133
- Setting RIP Routing 135
- Setting the Dial Group 136
- Configuring Compression 136
- Setting Data over Voice 138
- Setting CHAP 138
- Setting Bandwidth-on-Demand 140
- Input Filters 141
- Output Filters 141
- Configuring Filters 143
- Filter Options 144
- Filter Organization 145
- 11820005 146
- Creating Filters 147
- Creating IP Filters 148
- Filtering TCP and UDP Packets 149
- Creating IPX Filters 149
- Displaying Filters 150
- Deleting Filters 150
- Example Filters 151
- Simple Filter 151
- Restrictive Internet Filter 155
- Restricting User Access 157
- Using Modems 159
- Modem Functions 160
- Setting the Port Speed 165
- Setting Parity 166
- Setting the Flow Control 166
- Hanging Up a Line 167
- Configuring the PortMaster 3 169
- Configuring Line Use 170
- Setting Channel Groups 170
- Setting the Channel Rate 171
- Setting the ISDN PRI Switch 173
- Setting the Framing Format 173
- Setting the Encoding Method 174
- Setting the Loopback 175
- Setting the Directory Number 175
- Using True Digital Modems 176
- Setting Digital Modems 176
- Using Channelized T1 178
- Why Use Channelized T1? 178
- Using the T1 Expansion Card 180
- Clocking 180
- Using Multichassis PPP 183
- Setting Multichassis PPP 183
- Using ISDN BRI 185
- Provisioning 187
- Configuring ISDN 188
- ISDN BRI Switch Types 188
- Setting the Switch Type 189
- Directory Number 190
- Information Elements (IEs) 190
- Multilink PPP 191
- Port Limits 192
- Data over Voice 192
- ISDN Port Configuration Tips 193
- Configuration Steps 193
- Internet 194
- PPP 0.0.0.0 PPP 0.0.0.0 194
- Configuring a Dial-In User 197
- Configuring Global Settings 200
- Testing the Setup 204
- Using Frame Relay 207
- PVCs and DLCIs 208
- Line Speed 208
- Port Speed 208
- CIR and Burst Speed 208
- Discarding Frames 209
- Ordering Frame Relay Service 209
- LMI Types 209
- Enabling LMI 211
- Enabling Annex-D 212
- Frame Relay Subinterfaces 218
- Configuring Subinterfaces 218
- Adding a Location 219
- Creating a DLCI Entry 219
- Displaying DLCI Entries 219
- Troubleshooting Subinterfaces 220
- 11820007 224
- Testing the Configuration 234
- 11820008 238
- System Link Network 250
- PortMaster Office Router 250
- 11820009 250
- Using Internet Connections 253
- 11820010 254
- Internet service provider 254
- Configuring Port Settings 256
- Providing Network Filtering 262
- Providing User Dial-In Access 265
- Example Configuration 267
- Connecting Modems 269
- Configuring Ports 270
- Configuring Users 272
- Dial-In Login Users 273
- Dial-In Network Users 273
- Accessing Shared Devices 277
- Network Device Configuration 278
- Telnet/rlogin/netdata 279
- Parallel Port (P0) Settings 284
- 11820012 288
- Networking Concepts 297
- IP Address Notation 298
- Class A Addresses 299
- Class B Addresses 299
- Network 300
- Host address 300
- Reserved IP Addresses 301
- Private IP Networks 301
- Network segment 302
- Node address 302
- Netmasks 303
- Managing Network Security 305
- ChoiceNet 306
- Glossary 311
- Command Index 347
- Subject Index 353
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